The population growth rate has declined from 2.5% in 1998 to 1.5% in 2008 and to 1.4% in 2013. Recognizing the emerging population dynamics including fertility, mortality and migration) that bring about both the opportunities and new challenges, the Royal Government of Cambodia updated the National Population Policy, 2016-2030 reflecting and addressing issues stated in the first edition in 2003 and follow-up studies.

UNFPA has played key role in supporting the government in th development of the National Population Policy in 2003 and 2016.